6.6 Verbs
Verb Video
Instructor Video: Verb
Verb is an action word. Like all languages, Hindi verbs can be classified in three categories.
a) Intransitive verbs: Verbs that require only one noun/pronoun and that noun/pronoun can either be the subject or the object of a sentence. For example: Walk, Swim, Sleep, arrive, fall, etc.
Verb | Hindi | English | Explanation |
---|---|---|---|
तैरना “to swim” | राज तैरता है | | Raj swims. | Here “Raj” a noun acts as a subject of the sentence. |
सोना “to sleep” | मैं ४ बजे सोता हूँ | | I wake up at 4 o’clock. | Here “I” a pronoun acts as a subject of the sentence. |
पहुँचना “to arrive” | ट्रेन पहुँची | Train arrived. | Here “train” as a noun is an object of the sentence. Because you can ask “what” question (What arrived?). |
गिरना “to fall” | पत्ते गिरते हैं| | Leaves fall. | Here “leaves” as a noun is an object of the sentence. Because you can ask “what” question (What falls?). |
b) Transitive verbs: Verbs that require two nouns/pronouns. One acts as a subject and other as an object. For example: Eat, Drink, Read, etc.
Verb | Hindi | English | Explanation |
---|---|---|---|
खाना “to eat” | मैं खाना खाता हूँ | | I eat food. | Here pronoun “I” acts as a subject, and noun “food” acts as an object. |
पढ़ना “to read” | राहुल किताबें पढ़ता है | | Rahul reads books. | Here noun “Rahul” acts as a subject, and noun “books” acts as an object. |
देखना “to watch” | वह फ़िल्में देखती है | | She watches films. | Here pronoun “she” acts as a subject, and noun “films” acts as an object. |
c) Di-transitive verb: Verbs that require three nouns/pronouns. Nouns/pronouns acts as a subject, indirect object and direct object in a sentence. For example: Give, Send, Receive, etc.
Verb | Hindi | English | Explanation |
---|---|---|---|
देना “to give” | मैं बच्चों को मिठाइयाँ देता हूँ | | I give sweets to children. | Here pronoun “I” acts as a subject, noun “children” acts as an indirect object, and noun “sweets” acts as a direct object. |
भेजना “to send” | मोहन माँ को पत्र भेजता है | | Mohan sends letters to mother. | Here noun “Mohan” acts as a subject, noun “mother” acts as an indirect object, and noun “letters” acts as a direct object. |
बेचना “to sell” | राहुल लोगों को किताबें बेचता है | | Rahul sells books to people. | Here noun “Rahul” acts as a subject, noun “people” acts as an indirect object, and noun “books” acts as a direct object. |
List of Commonly Used Verbs
English | verb type | Hindi | English | verb type | Hindi |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
To do | tran. | करना | To learn | tran. | सीखना |
To go | intran. | जाना | To converse | tran. | बात करना |
To come | intran. | आना | To laugh | intran. | हँसना |
To turn | intran. | मुड़ना | To cry/weep | intran. | रोना |
To reach | intran. | पहुँचना | To feel | tran. | महसूस करना |
To return | intran. | लौटना | To use | tran. | उपयोग करना |
To run | intran. | दौड़ना | To wait | tran. | इंतज़ार करना |
To practice | tran. | अभ्यास करना | To remember | tran. | याद करना |
To exercise | tran. | कसरत करना | To end | tran. | खत्म करना |
To eat | tran. | खाना | To clean | tran. | साफ़ करना |
To make food | tran. | खाना बनाना | To open | tran. | खोलना |
To drink | tran. | पीना | To shut down | tran. | बंद करना |
To die | intran. | मरना | To explain | ditran. | समझाना |
To stand up | intran. | खड़ा होना | To buy | ditran. | खरीदना |
To sit down | intran. | बैठना | To sell | ditran. | बेचना |
To sleep | intran. | सोना | To see/watch | tran. | देखना |
To wake uo | intran. | जागना | To wash | tran. | धोना |
To rest | tran. | आराम करना | To want | tran. | चाहना |
To read/study | tran. | पढ़ना | To receive | tran. | प्राप्त करना |
To teach | tran. | पढ़ाना | To plan | tran. | योजना बनाना |
To write | tran. | लिखना | To keep | tran. | रखना |
To speak | tran. | बोलना | To tour | tran. | सैर करना |
To ask | ditran. | पूछना | To ride | tran. | सवारी करना |
To say | tran. | कहना | To take | ditran. | लेना |
To listen | tran. | सुनना | To give | ditran. | देना |
To answer | tran. | उत्तर देना | To forgive | tran. | माफ़ करना |
Activity
Please match the followings:
धन्यवाद !
Transitive Verb
Intransitive
Ditransitive