7.9 Grammar: Simple Future Tense
Simple Future Tense Video
Lecture: The Simple Future Tense
Structure
Verb stem + future marker
Use of Future Markers with Different Subjects
Future markers are used based on the number, person and gender features of the agreeing subject.
| Person | Singular Pronoun | Habitual markers
Masculine/Feminine |
Plural pronoun | Habitual markers
Masculine/Feminine |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | मैं “I” | -ऊँगा/-ऊँगी | हम “We” | -एंगे/-एंगी |
| 2nd | तू “You” | -एगा/-एगी | NA | |
| 3rd | तुम “You” | -ओगे/-ओगी | तुम (लोग) “You” | -ओगे/-ओगी |
| आप “You” | -एंगे/-एंगी | आप (लोग) “You” | -एंगे/-एंगी | |
| यह/वह “S/he,” and singular noun | -एगा/-एगी | ये/वे “They,” and plural nouns | -एंगे/-एंगी |
Note:
- When subject of a sentence is of mixed gender please use plural masculine aspect marker.
- When the verb stem ends in consonant then vowels of the aspect markers are marked as dependent vowels. For example: बोलूंगी, पढ़ेगा, खेलेंगे, बोलोगी, etc.
- When the verb stem ends in vowel then the aspect markers ऊँगा/ऊँगी and ओगे/ओगी are just attached. For example: जाऊँगी, आओगे, खाऊँगा, etc.
- When the verb stem ends in vowel then the aspect markers एगा/एगी and एंगे/एंगी are attached using a semi-consonant य. For example: जायेगा, आयेंगी, खायेगी, etc.
Negation of Progressive Aspect
In order to change progressive aspect sentences in negative, we use the word नहीं right before the verb.
Examples:
- लड़कियां फुटबॉल खेलेंगी | “Girls will play football.”
- लड़कियां फुटबॉल नहीं खेलेंगी | “Girls will not play football.”
- आप अपना कमरा साफ़ करेंगे | “You will clean your room.”
- आप अपना कमरा साफ़ नहीं करेंगे | “You will not clean your room.”
Uses of Future Tense
(a) To express future actions.
Examples:
- कल बारिश होगी | “It will rain tomorrow.”
- सब लोग घर जायेंगे | “Everyone will go home.”
- सीता और गीता एक फ़िल्म देखेंगी | “Sita and Geeta will watch a film.”
Activity:
Please add five more examples here. After writing your examples please change your sentences in negative too.
| Examples | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | ||
| 2. | ||
| 3. | ||
| 4. | ||
| 5. |
(b) To express assumption/presumption
Examples:
- शायद कल बर्फ़बारी होगी | “Perhaps, it will snow tomorrow.”
- अगले साल, मैं हिन्दुस्तान जाऊँगी | “Next year, I will go to India.”
- कल सीता और गीता मुझसे मिलेंगी | “Sita and Geeta will meet me tomorrow.”
Activity:
Please add five more examples here. After writing your examples please change your sentences in negative too.
| Examples | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | ||
| 2. | ||
| 3. | ||
| 4. | ||
| 5. |
Activities
(a) Please choose the correct form of future aspect markers based on the subject of the sentence.
धन्यवाद !
