7.9 Grammar: Simple Future Tense

Simple Future Tense Video

Lecture: The Simple Future Tense

Structure

Verb stem + future marker

Use of Future Markers with Different Subjects

Future markers are used based on the number, person and gender features of the agreeing subject.

Person Singular Pronoun Habitual markers

Masculine/Feminine

Plural pronoun Habitual markers

Masculine/Feminine

1st मैं “I” -ऊँगा/-ऊँगी हम “We” -एंगे/-एंगी
2nd तू “You” -एगा/-एगी NA
3rd तुम “You” -ओगे/-ओगी तुम (लोग) “You” -ओगे/-ओगी
आप “You” -एंगे/-एंगी आप (लोग) “You” -एंगे/-एंगी
यह/वह “S/he,”  and  singular noun -एगा/-एगी ये/वे “They,” and plural nouns -एंगे/-एंगी

Note:

(a) When subject of a sentence is of mixed gender please use plural masculine aspect marker.

(b) When the verb stem ends in consonant then vowels of the aspect markers are marked as dependent vowels. For example: बोलूंगी, पढ़ेगा, खेलेंगे, बोलोगी, etc.

(c) When the verb stem ends in vowel then the aspect markers ऊँगा/ऊँगी and ओगे/ओगी are just attached. For example: जाऊँगी, आओगे, खाऊँगा,  etc.

(d) When the verb stem ends in vowel then the aspect markers एगा/एगी and एंगे/एंगी are attached using a semi-consonant य. For example: जायेगा, आयेंगी, खायेगी,  etc.

Negation of Progressive Aspect

In order to change progressive aspect sentences in negative, we use the word नहीं right before the verb.

Examples:

  • लड़कियां फुटबॉल खेलेंगी | “Girls will play football.”
  • लड़कियां फुटबॉल नहीं खेलेंगी | “Girls will not play football.”
  • आप अपना कमरा साफ़ करेंगे | “You will clean your room.”
  • आप अपना कमरा साफ़ नहीं करेंगे  | “You will not clean your room.”

Uses of Future Tense

(a) To express future actions.

Examples:

  • कल बारिश होगी | “It will rain tomorrow.”
  • सब लोग घर जायेंगे | “Everyone will go home.”
  • सीता और गीता एक फ़िल्म देखेंगी | “Sita and Geeta will watch a film.”

Activity:

Please add five more examples here. After writing your examples please change your sentences in negative too.

Examples Negative
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

(b) To express assumption/presumption

Examples:

  • शायद कल बर्फ़बारी होगी | “Perhaps, it will snow tomorrow.”
  • अगले साल, मैं हिन्दुस्तान जाऊँगी | “Next year, I will go to India.”
  • कल सीता और गीता मुझसे मिलेंगी | “Sita and Geeta will meet me tomorrow.”

Activity:

Please add five more examples here. After writing your examples please change your sentences in negative too.

Examples Negative
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Activities

(a) Please choose the correct form of future aspect markers based on the subject of the sentence.

धन्यवाद !

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