2.7 Personal Pronouns with Verb “To Be”

Verb “To Be”

Instructor Video: Personal Pronouns and Verb “to be”

Plural pronouns and verb “to be”. Singular pronouns and verb “to be”.
English Transliteration Urdu English Transliteration Urdu
We are __. hum __hain  ہم — ہیں  I am __. main __hoon میں — ہوں 
You are __. tu __hai  تو — ہے 
You are __. tum __ho تم — ہو  You are __. tum __ho تم — ہو 
You are __. aap __hain  آپ — ہیں  You are __. aap __hain  آپ — ہیں 
They, These/Those are __. ye/we __hain یہ / وہ — ہیں  S/he, This/That is __. ye/wo __hai یہ/وہ — ہے 
Table 3. List of personal pronouns with the forms of verb ہونا “to be”.

Summary

Examples Pronouns Verb “to be”
 I am a student. main talib -e-ilm hoon. –میں طالب علم ہوں  I میں hoon ہوں 
You are a friend. tum ek dost ho. -تم ایک دوست ہو You تم ho ہو 
You are a boy. tu laRakaa hai. – تو ایک لڑکا ہے

This is a book. ye ek kitaab hai. – یہ ایک کتاب ہے

Peter is a friend. Peter ek dost hai. – پیٹر ایک دوست ہے 

That is a table.  wo ek mez hai. – وہ ایک میز ہے

S/he, This, That تو/یہ /وہ  hai ہے 

We are students. hum chhaatr hain. – ہم طالب علم ہیں

You are good. aap achchhe hain. – آپ اچھے ہیں 

They are farmers. ye/we kisaan hain. – یہ/وہ کسان ہیں 

These are vegetables. ye sabziyaan hain. – یہ سبزیاں ہیں 

Those are fruits. we phal hain. – وہ پھل ہیں

Kamran sahab is my teacher. Kamraan sahab mere ustaad hain. – کامران صاحب میرے استاد ہیں

 We/ you (honorific) / They/ These / Those ہم / آپ / یہ / وہ hain ہیں 

Table 4. List of verb ہونا “to be” with personal pronouns.

Positive Sentence and the Verb ہونا “to be”

Unlike English, the standard word order of Urdu is: Subject-Object-Verb (SOV).

Structure 1:

English Subject Verb Object
This is a pen
Urdu Subject Object Verb
This a pen is
یہ  ایک قلم  ہے 

Negative Sentence in Urdu and the Verb ہونا “to be”

Structure 2:

English Subject Verb Negative Object
This is not a pen
Urdu Subject Object Negative Verb
This a pen not is
یہ  ایک قلم  نہیں  ہے 

Yes/No question and the Verb ہونا “to be”

In English, we move auxiliary verb at the beginning of a sentence to form a yes/no question. Whereas, in Urdu, the word کیا kyaa is used at the beginning of a sentence to form a yes/no question. Please note that here the word کیا  kyaa does not mean “what”.

Structure 3:

English Auxiliary verb Subject Object
Is this a pen
Urdu کیا kyaa  Subject Object Verb
Kyaa this a pen is
کیا  یہ  ایک قلم  ہے 

Yes/No question + Negative and the Verb ہونا “to be”

Structure 4:

English Auxiliary verb (Negative) Subject (Negative) Object
Is (not) this (not) a pen
Isn’t this a pen? / Is this not a pen?
Urdu کیا kyaa  Subject Object Negative Auxiliary Verb
kyaa this a pen not is
کیا  یہ  ایک قلم  نہیں  ہے 

Activities

Now, as you know how to change a simple Urdu sentence into a negative, yes/no question, and yes/no question + negative, please fill the following table as instructed.

Chapter 2.7 Change sentences

 

Please fill in the blanks with suitable object to form five sentences with each pronoun given below. You can use the vocabulary list in this chapter or dictionary for any help that you need to complete this activity.
Chapter 2.7 Activity Verb “To be.”

Test Yourself

!شکریہ

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