4.7: Grammar, Prepositions
Prepositions in Persian Language:
English has a class of words called “prepositions”. Prepositions are the words that precede a phrase and indicate a relationship between the phrase and another word in the sentence. Persian language has a similar class of words as well. As the name implies, preposition come before the word.
Simple prepositions consist of a single word.
Examples:
| Example In English | Translation | transliteration | Preposition in Persian | Example in Persian |
| from last year | from | az | از | از سال گذشته |
| with m | with | bā | با | با من |
| above your head | above, over | rooye | روی | روی سرت |
| to a boy | to | be | به | به یک پسر |
| toward exit door | towards | be sooye/ Be tarafe | به سوی / به طرف | به طرف در خروج |
| In my town | in | dar | دَر | در شهرمن |
| into the bowl | into | tooye | توی | توی کاسه |
| At home | at | Dar khaneh | در | در خانه |
| in the book | in | toy-e | (توی) | در کتاب |
| inside the food | inside | dakhel | داخل /در | در غذا |
| outside home | outside | biroon khaneh | بیرون | بیرون خانه |
| For house | for | barāy-e | برای | برای خانه |
| On a table | on,
over |
ruy-e | روی | روی میز |
| on top of dishes | on top of | ru | (رو) | روی ظرف ها |
| under the bed | under,
underneath |
zir | زیر | زیر تخت خواب |
| over the clouds | over,
on top of, above |
bālāy-e | بالای | بالای ابرها |
| until tomorrow | until,
till |
tā | تا | تا فردا |
| as far as I know | up to,
as far as
|
Ta anja ee ke | تا آنجایی که | تا آنجایی که من می دونم |
| after the vacation | after(wards) | ba’d az | بعداز | بعد از تعطیلات |
| before leaving | before | qabl az | قبل از | قبل از رفتن |
| except here | except | qeer az / be joz | غیر از / به جُز | به غیر از اینجا |
| Regarding your health | regarding, | rāje’ be | راجع به | راجع به سلامت شما |
| About town | about, | dar bārey-e | درباره ی | درباره شهر |
Prepositions and postpositions
“Prepositions ” are the words that precede a phrase and indicate a relationship between the phrase and another word in the sentence.
“postpositions” as the name implies, come after the words.
The post position” را” in Persian language is a sign which follows known objects which make the noun Specific. A specific noun is a word that refers to name of certain person, place, thing, or idea.
Compound Pre- position/post -position consists of two or more words. Most compound p-position begin with the noun.
Vocabulary of Transportation:
| English | Persian |
| Bus | اتوبوس |
| Bike | دوچرخه |
| Walk | پیاده |
| Taxi | تاکسی |
| Airplane | هواپیما |
| Train | قطار |
| Metro | مترو |
| Car | ماشین |
| ship | کشتی |
Practice:
!سپاس
