5.7 Need and Necessity

ਚਾਹੀਦਾ

is used to express general needs and necessities. ਚਾਹੀਦਾ functions like an adjective, so it changes its form according to the number and gender of the object.

Sentence Structure

General

The general sentence structure is:

Subject + ਨੂੰ + Object + ਚਾਹੀਦਾ + Aux of the present or past ਹੋਣਾ (to be).

ਚਾਹੀਦਾ and Aux both agree with the object of the sentence in number and gender.

Examples:

• ਸੰਜੀਵ ਨੂੰ ਚਾਹ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ। (Sanjeev needs tea.)
• ਸੰਜੀਵ ਨੂੰ ਪਾਣੀ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਸੀ। (Sanjeev wanted water.)
• ਸੰਜੀਵ ਨੂੰ ਕੱਪੜੇ ਚਾਹੀਦੇ ਹਨ। (Sanjeev wants clothes.)
• ਸੰਜੀਵ ਨੂੰ ਕਿਤਾਬਾਂ ਚਾਹੀਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ। (Sanjeev wants books.)

Negative Sentences

In negative sentences, drop the auxiliary.

Examples:

• ਸੰਜੀਵ ਨੂੰ ਚਾਹ ਨਹੀਂ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ। (Sanjeev does not want tea.)
• ਸੰਜੀਵ ਨੂੰ ਕੱਪੜੇ ਨਹੀਂ ਚਾਹੀਦੇ। (Sanjeev does not want clothes.)

Sentences without an Object

When there is no object in the sentence, ਚਾਹੀਦਾ is in masculine singular default form.

Examples:

• ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਕੀ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ? (What do you want/require?)
• ਤੁਹਾਡੀ ਭੈਣ ਨੂੰ ਕੀ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ? (What does your sister need/want?)
• ਉਹਨਾਂ ਬੱਚਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਕੀ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ? (What do those children need?)

Sentences with Two Nouns

When there are two nouns together in a sentence, ਚਾਹੀਦਾ agrees with the closest noun.

Examples:

• ਆਧਿਆਪਕ ਨੂੰ ਕਿਤਾਬਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਕੱਪੜੇ ਚਾਹੀਦੇ ਹਨ। (The teacher needs books and clothes.)
• ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਨੂੰ ਕੱਪੜੇ ਅਤੇ ਕਿਤਾਬਾਂ ਚਾਹੀਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ? (The teacher needs clothes and books.)

Reading Practice

Raman and his wife Asha have bought a new house and they must move into it in next month, so they make a list of the things they need/require for the new house.

(ਰਮਨ ਅਤੇ ਉਸਦੀ ਪਤਨੀ ਆਸ਼ਾ ਨੇ ਇੱਕ ਨਵਾਂ ਘਰ ਖਰੀਦਿਆ ਹੈ, ਉਹਨਾ ਨੇ ਅਗਲੇ ਮਹੀਨੇ ਇਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਜਾਣਾ ਹੈ। ਇਸ ਲਈ ਉਹ ਨਵੇਂ ਘਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਲੋੜੀਂਦੀਆਂ ਚੀਜਾਂ ਦੀ ਸੂਚੀ ਬਣਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ।)

Test Yourself

Activity 1: Choose the Verb Form

Activity 2: Writing

Write out your responses to the following questions. Then, scan it and send it to your teacher for feedback.

Activity 3: Speaking and Writing

You are celebrating birthday of your brother at your home. Make a list of 15 items, with quantity, you want to buy in order to celebrate. You may write out your sentences or record them by pressing the button below. Once you are done recording, you can download your audio file and send it to your teacher for feedback and/or share it with your friends.

Activity 4: Listening

Pre-Listening Activity

Review/learn the following vocabulary.

Listening

Watch the following advertisement video carefully.

Post-Listening Activity

Based on the above advertisement video, answer the following questions.

ਧੰਨਵਾਦ!